Hitzen botereaz

Euskara ez da hizkuntza bat, gaztelaniaren dialekto bat baizik.

Rifeko tamazighta ahozko hizkuntza da. Zertarako aldarrikatu honen idazkera?

Mapuzuguna ez da hirirako baliagarria, nekazal eremurako balio du soilik.

Nahuata eremu pribatuan hitz egiteko hizkuntza da, ez unibertsitate-hizkuntza.

Kitxua ez da eskolan ikasteko hizkuntza bat. Zergatik ez baliatu ordu horiek ingelesa ikasteko?

Kitxea animaliei eta haurrei hitz egiteko hizkuntza da.

Kaktxikela hizkuntza zaila da, ikasteak sekulako esfortzua dakar.

Nasa yuwea gutxiengo baten hizkuntza da.

Esaldiok ez digute hizkuntza gutxituen errealitatea deskribatzen, akaso, botere-harremanen errealitateari buruz hitz egingo digute. Baieztapen edo galdera hauek ez dira deskribatzaileak, hots, ez dute zerbaiten berri ematea helburu: arauemaileak dira, ordea. Gauzak nola diren esan baino, gauzek nolakoak beharko luketeen esaten digute.

Honelako argudioen banderadun direnek euren hizkuntzen nagusitasuna defenditu besterik ez dute nahi, gutxituek, nonbait, euren perfektutasun eta arau bakarra zalantzan jartzen dugulakoan.

Ez da kasualitatea hizkuntza gutxituak desprestigiatua den horrekin lotzeko ahalegina. Prestigioduna den hori egoteko, prestigiorik gabea dena behar da. Beste modu batera esanda, prestigioaz hitz egiteak, honen mugak ezartzeak, beti utziko du norbait barruan eta, ondorioz, norbait kanpoan. Barruan dagoena hizkuntza izango da, modernoa, idatzizkoa duena, hiriari lotua edota gehiengo batek hitz egina. Gutxituoi, aldiz, dialekto izatea dagokigu, primitiboak, ahozkoari kataiatuak, nekazal munduari lotuak edota gutxiengo bati dagozkienak.

Max Weinreich-en esaldi honek argi jotzen du publikazio honen muinean:

“Hizkuntza bat ejerzitoa duen aldaera bat da.”

Hau da, hizkuntza kontuak, hizkuntzen arteko harremanak, botere kontuak dira. Behin puntu honetara iritsita, apur bat haratago joan nahiko nuke, zera gehituz: eta hizkuntzaz egiten dugun erabilerak botere harreman hauen berri ematen digu. Gakoetako bat hizkuntza botere ikuspegitik irakurtzean datza, alegia.

Sarri hitz egiten da euskara bezalako hizkuntzei buruz “gutxiengo” terminoa erabiliz, “gutxi”, “txiki” garela. Kasu gehienetan hiztun kopuruari erreferentzia egiten ez diotela esatera ausartuko nintzateke. “Gutxiengo” horrek eztabaidaren fokotik botere-harremanen kontua ezabatzea dakar, desberdinkeria egoerei entzungor egitea. Nola uler daiteke ba hizkuntza gutxitu baten egoera zapaltzailea den hizkuntzarik gabe? hizkuntza-aniztasunaren kontrako hizkuntza-politika eta -plagintzarik gabe?

Gutxi ginela sinestarazi nahi izan digute, eurengandik gutxituak ez ginela esateko.

Eta ez gara gutxi. Eta gutxitu izaten jarraitzeko gogorik ez dugu!!

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